Engineered anti-PSCA antibodies for immunoPET and targeted therapy of pancreatic cancer

Abstract public domain (NIH RePORTER)

Pancreatic cancer remains among the most lethal of solid tumors, due to late diagnosis and a high probability of metastatic spread. Effective new systemic treatments are needed in order to improve outcomes in patients. Targeted radionuclide therapy has demonstrated effectiveness cancer therapy, notably with the success of 177Lu- dotatate in neuroendocrine tumors including those of the pancreas. Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) is upregulated in 60-80% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas, making it a promising target for antibody-directed therapy. An engineered antibody fragment, the A2 scFv-Fc2 DM has been specifically designed for optimized delivery of therapeutic radionucides in pancreatic cancer. It is based on a humanized, high-affinity anti-PSCA antibody, and contains Fc mutations engineered to foster rapid blood clearance via the hepatobiliary route. As a result, radiation dose to key organs/tissues (bone marrow and kidney) is minimized, enabling effective delivery of an alpha- or beta-emitting radionuclide to tumors. In Aim 1, biodistribution studies will be undertaken in mouse models, in order to confirm the expected tumor targeting and hepatic clearance. Formal dose estimations will be made for the scFv-Fc2 DM radiolabeled with either 177Lu or 225Ac for therapy. Aim 2 will explore the potential efficacy of the anti-PSCA scFv-Fc2 DM in mouse models of pancreatic cancer, including subcutaneous xenografts of human pancreatic tumor cells, a syngeneic model of KPC-PSCA tumors in huPSCA knock-in mice, and patient-derived pancreatic tumor xenograft models. The relative efficacies and toxicities of the alpha-emitter 225Ac and beta-emitter 177Lu will be analyzed in order to prepare for future clinical therapy studies. In Aim 3, clinical production and conjugation of the anti-PSCA scFv-Fc2 DM will be performed, testing conducted, and an IND filed. Finally, in Aim 4 we will conduct a first-in-human imaging study using 64Cu-DOTA-anti-PSCA scFv- Fc2 DM in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, to evaluate the targeting, and clearance properties and potential radiation dose delivery of this novel engineered antibody fragment. Results from this clinical immunoPET study will be central to guiding future development of a radioimmunotherapy agent that can be implemented in a theranostic approach to pancreatic cancer.

Public health relevance public domain (NIH RePORTER)

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most difficult cancers to detect and treat, due to late diagnosis and a lack of effective therapies. An antibody that recognizes PSCA, a target overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, will be engineered to deliver radioisotopes for the detection, and ultimately, highly targeted radiotherapy, of this deadly disease.